C-Section Surgery

C-Section (Cesarean Section)

A caesarean delivery is that the surgical delivery of an infant, also referred to as a C-section or cesarean delivery . The newborn is surgically removed through an incision within the abdomen of the mother then a second incision is formed within the uterus to deliver the baby. An incision is made in the uterus after the opening of the abdomen. A side-to-side (horizontal) cut is usually made, rupturing the amniotic sac surrounding the infant. The baby is separated from the uterus once this protective membrane has ruptured,

Why a cesarean delivery is done

Usually, a cesarean delivery is done when complications from pregnancy make it impossible for traditional vaginal birth, or put the mother or child at risk. Caesarean deliveries are often scheduled early in pregnancy, although they are most frequently carried out when complications occur during labor.

Reasons for a cesarean delivery include:

Baby has developmental conditions
Baby’s head is too big for the birth canal
The baby is coming out feet first
Early pregnancy complications
Mother’s health problems, such as high blood pressure or unstable heart disease
Mother has active genital herpes that could be transmitted to the baby
Previous cesarean delivery
Problems with the placenta, such as placental abruption or placenta previa
Problems with the umbilical cord
Reduced oxygen supply to the baby
Delayed labor
The baby is coming out shoulder first (transverse labor)
The mother has a contagious viral infection such as HIV.

To avoid childbirth or the possible complications of vaginal birth or to take advantage of the ease of a scheduled delivery, some women seek C-sections for their first infants. This is discouraged, however if you intend on having many kids. There is an increased risk of placental complications as well as excessive bleeding in women with several C-sections, which could entail surgical uterine removal (hysterectomy). If you're considering a planned C-section for your first delivery, work consult with your health care provider to make the most effective decision for you and your baby.

The risks of a cesarean delivery

If you're considering a planned C-section for your first delivery, work consult with your health care provider to make the most effective decision for you and your baby.

The risks of a cesarean delivery include:

can have blood loss
Blood clots
Breathing problems for the kid , especially if done before 39 weeks of pregnancy
Increased risks for future pregnancies
wound infection can occurs
Injury to the kid during surgery
Longer recovery time compared with childbirth
Surgical injury to other organs may happen
Adhesions, hernia, & other complications of abdominal surgery may happen

You and your doctor will discuss your birthing options before your baby due date. Your doctor also will be ready to determine if you or your baby are showing any signs of complications that might require a C-section or caesarean delivery .

How to prepare for C-section Pregnancy

If you and your doctor decide that a c-section is that the best choice for you, your doctor will offer you complete instructions about what you'll do to lower your risk of complications and have a successful c-section delivery.

Prenatal visits can require multiple checkups, as with any pregnancy. This will require blood checks and other tests for the possibility of a cesarean delivery to assess your fitness.

In the condition that you require a blood transfusion during the c-section, the doctor will make sure to record your blood type. During a c-section delivery, blood transfusions are rarely required, but your doctor will be prepared for any complications. You should have a c-section delivery even though you don't plan to have a c-section delivery,

You should still be mentally prepared for the unexpected even though you are not intending to have a c-section delivery. Discuss the risk factors for a Cesarean delivery and what you can do to minimize them at prenatal visits with your doctor. Patient for-Make sure that all of your questions are answered by doctor or consultant , and that you understand what could happen if before your due date you need to have an emergency c-section. Since it takes more time for a c-section delivery to heal than a regular birth, arranging to have an have an extra set of hands around the house will be helpful. Not only will you be recovering from c-section surgery, but your new baby will need some attention as well.

How a C-Section delivery is performed

Plan to stay within the hospital for 3 to 4 days while you get over your surgery.

Before going for surgery, your abdomen will be cleaned & you’ll be prepared for receiving intravenous (IV) fluids into your arm. this enables doctors to administer fluids and any sort of medications you'll need. you'll even have a catheter put in to keep your bladder empty during the c-section surgery.

There are three sorts of anesthesia offered to delivering mothers:

Spinal block: Spinal anaesthesia (or spinal anesthesia), also called spinal block, In spinal block anesthesia that’s injected directly into the sac that surrounds your spinal cord of body, thus numbing the lower a part of your body
Epidural: An epidural procedure is a standard anesthesia for both vaginal & cesarean deliveries, which is injected into your lower back outside the sac of the spinal cord
General anesthesia: Anesthesia that puts you into an easy sleep, and is typically reserved for emergency situations

When you are properly medicated and numbed, your doctor will make an incision just above the pubic hairline. this is often typically horizontal across the pelvis while performing a c-section. In emergency situations, the incision could also be vertical during a c-section delivery.

Once the incision into your abdomen has been made and therefore the uterus is exposed, your doctor will make an incision into the uterus. This area are going to be covered during the c-section procedure so you won’t be ready to see the procedure.

Your baby will be removed from your uterus after the second incision is made in the Uterus.

Your doctor will first tend to your baby by clearing their nose and mouth of fluids and clamping and cutting the duct . Your baby will then pass to hospital staff and they will ensure your baby is breathing normally and prepare your baby to be handover to you safe in your arms..

Your doctor will repair and stitch your uterus with dissolving surgical suture stitches and also close your abdominal incision with sutures.

Closure of Abdomen and Uterus after C-section delivery.

Uterus Closure after C-section

The tissue characteristic of uterus is very vascular, tough and muscular. So Polyglactin-910 sutures are commonly used for the closure of Uterus.

Fascial closure after a C-section

a) Layered closure: Suture breaks, the incision is held intact by the remaining sutures
b) Mass closure: Continuous fascial closure with a single suture

Rectus Sheath closure after a C-section

Using absorbable suture and a loose closure in order to decrease postoperative pain and tissue necrosis is important

Subcutaneous closure after a C-section

Limited vascular supply; increased susceptibility to soft-tissue infection. The purpose is to close any potential space, reducing the area for seroma accumulation

Skin closure after a C-section

Suture closure is generally performed with 3-0 or 4-0 absorbable suture in a running subcuticular fashion or with nylon running or interrupted transdermal suture.

Following up after a cesarean delivery

You and your baby will remain within the hospital for about three days after your c-section delivery. you'll stay an IV immediately after surgery. This facilitates the delivery of adjusted quantities of painkillers into your bloodstream when the anesthesia is wearing off.

You will be advised by your doctor to get up and walk around. This will aid in avoiding constipation and blood clots. A nurse or doctor will show you how to place your child for breastfeeding so that there is no extra pain from breastfeeding and . the c-section delivery around the stitches in incision area.

After the surgery, your doctor will provide you with instructions for home treatment, however you'll usually expect:

Take it easy and rest, especially for the primary few weeks
How to Use correct posture to support your abdomen
To Drink lots of fluids to replace those lost during your caesarean delivery
To Avoid sex for four to 6 weeks
Take pain medications as required
Seek help from your doctor or consultant if you experience symptoms of postpartum depression, like severe mood swings or overwhelming fatigue

Do’s of healing from a C-section:

Take time to sit and bond with your baby.
When you're tired, relax.
Walk every day. Moving helps avoid constipation and blood clots.
When you need to cough or chuckle, hold a pillow over the incision.
Shower normally.
. If you have problem in breastfeeding, reach out to a lactation consultant.

Don’ts of healing from a C-section:

Lift something heavier than your toddler.
Using tampons or showers before you have your doctor's approval.
Take baths until you have healed the incision and prevented the postpartum bleeding.
Engage in vigorous activity or perform core muscle exercises before you are cleared for activity by your doctor.
You should not Have sex until your doctor says you can.
If you are afraid to ask for help. Then you should asking friends and family to watch the baby while you nap, or having them do laundry.
Take the stairs repeatedly.
Soak in public pools or hot tubs.

Diet after a C-Section

Do’s :

Drink enough water and other fluids.
Follow a perfectly balanced, nutritious diet.
Take a daily fiber supplement. This can help to prevent constipation.

Don’t:

Crash diet. You should Ask your doctor on when you should start trying to lose weight for your kid.

After the C-section, contact your doctor if you have the following symptoms:

Breast pain associated with a fever
Foul-smelling vaginal discharge or large-clot bleeding
Pain in urination
Signs of infection, for example, fever over 100 ° F, redness, swelling, or incision discharge